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Cervical Cancer - Causes and Treatment By Expert Author: Peter Hutch
View Summary \| Submitted: 2008-06-23 \| Word Count: 526 words \| Views: 13 view(s)

Cervical cancer symptoms often go unnoticed because they mimic so many other ailments. Many women pass these symptoms off as PMS or ovulation pains. Many times, however, cervical cancer has no symptoms. When symptoms are present, they usually do not appear until the cancer is more advanced. This does vary from woman to woman.

The uterine cervix is the lowest portion of a woman's uterus (womb). Most of the uterus lies in the pelvis, but part of the cervix is located in the vagina, where it connects the uterus with the vagina. Cancer of the cervix occurs when the cells of the cervix change in a way that leads to abnormal growth and invasion of other tissues or organs of the body.

Invasive cervical cancer accounts for 2.5 percent of all cancers that afflict women in the U.S. About 13,500 cases of invasive carcinoma of the cervix are diagnosed in the U.S. each year, while there are at least 50,000 new cases of a pre-invasive cancer, known as carcinoma in situ, where the cancer cells are confined to the surface skin of the cervix.

The cervical canal is a passageway. Blood flows from the uterus through the canal into the vagina during a woman's menstrual period. The cervix also produces mucus. The mucus helps sperm move from the vagina into the uterus. During pregnancy, the cervix is tightly closed to help keep the baby inside the uterus. During childbirth, the cervix dilates (opens) to allow the baby to pass through the vagina.

Cigarette smoking is another risk factor for the development of cervical cancer. The chemicals in cigarette smoke interact with the cells of the cervix, causing precancerous changes that may over time progress to cancer.

Causes

Cervical cancers start in the cells on the surface of the cervix. There are two types of cells on the cervix's surface: squamous and columnar. The majority of cervical cancers are from squamous cells.The development of cervical cancer is very slow. It starts as a pre-cancerous condition called dysplasia. This pre-cancerous condition can be detected by a Pap smear and is 100% treatable. That is why it is so important for women to get regular Pap smears.

Symptoms

It is unusual for women to experience the symptoms of cervical cancer these days as the vast majority of cases are diagnosed during cervical screening. When symptoms are observed, they are abnormal vaginal bleeding (between periods) and – more rarely – discomfort during intercourse.

Diagnosis

As part of your regular pelvic exam, you should have a Pap test. During a Pap test the doctor scrapes a small sample of cells from the surface of the cervix to look for cell changes. If a Pap test shows abnormal cell changes, your doctor may do other tests to look for precancerous or cancer cells on your cervix.

If the deepest cells removed by biopsy were cancerous or precancerous, this means the cancer has invaded farther than the biopsy. In these cases, treatment generally starts with removal of additional tissues. As these tissues are removed, they are checked for dysplastic change to be sure all the precancerous or cancerous cells have been removed from the body or are otherwise destroyed.

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Article Tags: alternative medicine, : cervical cancer, cervical cancer symptoms, cervical cancer causes, causes of cervical cancer, symptoms of cervical cancer

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