The mechanism involved in the construction of buildings rendering them impervious to sound and creating soundproofed chambers within is called soundproofing. Special soundproofing materials are used to achieve this. These act as an effective barrier and insulation provider against sound.
Soundproofing may be accomplished by undertaking several different approaches - the space in which the sound can dissipate may be increased, huge barriers can be used to absorb the sound waves and dampening structures can be used to suppress the sound and preventing it from spreading. Active anti-noise sound generators may also be used to counter noises and undesirable sounds prevailing.
Soundproofing aspects
The reducing or deadening of sound by setting up of acoustical barriers is what soundproofing is concerned about. New materials have become available like vinyl barriers that help bring about soundproofing in an effective manner. The process of soundproofing has also been made greatly simplified. Advanced technology enables quick, easy and low cost retrofitting in existing home and office buildings. The existing drywalls of the structures need not be removed and yet there is a considerable increase in the Sound Transmission Class (STC) ratings. The STC rating serves as an indication of the extent of soundproofing achieved. The higher the STC rating the greater is the soundproofing or capacity to dampen sound.
While venturing into soundproofing programs four things need to be given due importance. These four items of interest worthy of consideration are weight, space, cost and aesthetics of the soundproofing setup. The viscoelastic (viscous as well as elastic) properties of some materials have been put to gainful usage in soundproofing. Techniques of soundproofing vary depending on whether the home is under construction or whether retrofitting is being done to prevent sound pollution.
Adopting soundproofing techniques in construction and retrofitting
Construction of doors can be made in such a manner so that they do not line up directly across from each other. This will ensure that sound is not transferred across and through opposite open doors. If the room has some absorbent material then this will further help reduce reverberation of sound. Curtains, carpets, soundproofing mats on ceilings, pieces of furniture- all absorb sound. Retrofitting with acoustic ceiling panels will help dampen and isolate stray sounds and reverberations of these. Various kinds of panels are available for choosing. Pyramids, bass trap contours and fabric panels are commonly used. Panels made of fiberglass are quite popular. The grid for the acoustic ceiling can be installed in a few hours time and the special tiles for the ceiling can be soon placed. This proves to be an inexpensive but quick soundproofing setup in existing structures of homes, offices etc.
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