The Proper Method For Dock Or Pontoon Mooring

It is well worth spending a little extra money on good quality fenders and mooring lines to protect your investment in your boat. Proper use of the lines and fenders is paramount to ensure your boat is correctly moored up and avoids being beaten against the dock in bad weather conditions.

Nylon lines are good as they tend to last a long time, wear well and have some elasticity which reduces the effect of shocks on your boat caused by movement.

If your boat is to be left moored up for a long time, especially over winter, it's a good idea to double up on the mooring lines. This spreads the load, extending the life of your lines and provides a backup should one fail. It is a good idea to add chafing gear to parts of the lines that will be subjected to wear, for example where they run through fairleads. Chafing gear can be a leather wrapping, an additional layer of braiding or a used fire hose or similar.

Marinas are often busy and sometimes it'll be difficult to find a mooring especially in peak season. Plan to arrive early at your marina before it becomes crowded if you expect space to be at a premium. It is also a good idea to radio ahead to the marina letting them know your vessel size. They will often point you in the right direction to an empty berth - saving you the effort of searching.

If you are not familiar with the particular marina, it is worthwhile going past your mooring first to take a look at the mooring cleats or bollards. Note the strength and direction of the tide and wind, factoring these into your approach and making sure your crew are fully aware of your plan.

Put your fenders out on the side of the boat that will be against the dock, making sure you have enough to protect the full length of your boat. They should be at the right height for the dock and should be spread out along the length of the boat. The rearmost fender should be about level with the rear stanchion and the foremost between the first guardrail and pulpit.

Mooring ropes should be attached to the bow and stern cleats of the boat and should be passed through the fairleads and underneath the guardrails so that the guardrails are not snagged when the lines are secured to the dock. Usually, the crew members will hold these lines with three or four coils in their hands and stand at the widest point of the boat ready to jump onto the dock when it's close enough.

Ideally, the boat should approach the pontoon heading into the wind or tide at an angle of about 30-40•°. Turning the bow away from the dock as it gets close will make the stern come in, then the boat is stopped by putting the engine into reverse.

The two crew members holding the bow and stern lines now step onto the dock and secure the lines to the dock cleats.

If the boat is only to be moored up for a very short time (for example when re-fuelling) and the weather conditions are calm, the bow and stern lines may be enough. However, boats moored only on bow and stern lines will move back and forth along the dock.

Adding spring lines will prevent this movement and should be employed whenever mooring up for any length of time. The stern spring should run from the stern of the boat to a position on the dock close to the bow of the boat. Similarly, the bow spring is used to stop forward motion of the boat and thus should run from the bow to an aft position on the dock. Commonly the stern spring is attached to the same cleat on the dock as the bow line, and the bow spring is tied off to the stern line dock cleat.

Mooring Alongside Another Boat

Ideally you'll want to moor directly against the pontoon or dock. However, in peak season, there may not be enough space in the marina to do so. In this case you'll have to moor alongside another vessel.

It is best to moor against a boat of a similar size or larger than your own. Sailing and power boats don't moor alongside well because of their different shapes. Where possible, you should ask permission before mooring against another boat. Preferably choose a boat that intends to leave the marina at the same time or later than you.

Breast ropes should be used between the bows and sterns of each boat and spring lines should be secured from the bow of each to stern of the other. It is also a good idea to attach lines from the bow and stern of the outer boat directly to the dock. These additional lines spread the load of the tide and wind between both of the boats rather than one having to cope with it all.

Make sure that the masts of the two boats are offset. If they are in line, then waves may roll the boats making the masts collide with each other.

Leaving From An Inside Berth When Another Boat Is Rafted Alongside

The easiest way for rafted boats to depart the marina is for the outside boat to leave first. However, this is not always possible.

In the event that the inner boat needs to leave first, ideally, it should leave the dock travelling down-wind or down-tide.

Both boats should start their engines and have all ropes removed except direct bow and stern shore lines.

The boat immediately outside of the one that is leaving should have a line running from its stern around the front of the leaving boat and back to the dock. As the inner boat reverses out, the outer boat moves forwards and takes up the slack on the bow line and new stern line.

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