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"Disease And Illness" Article "Sygdom og sygdom" artikel
Article Directory Home Artikel Directory Home Disease And Illness Sygdom og sygdom

Sensory Prosessing Disorders: CAPD Sensoriske Prosessing lidelser: CAPD

By Expert Author: Anthony Kane MD Ved ekspert Forfatter: Anthony Kane MD
View Summary | Submitted: 2008-01-04 | Word Count: 1052 words | Views: 156 view(s) Vis Resumé | Forelagt: 2008-01-04 | Ordoptælling: 1052 ord | Views: 156 se (s)
Anthony Kane MD
Some children with normal hearing who can't use the information they hear in academic or social settings. Nogle børn med normal hørelse, der ikke kan bruge de oplysninger, de hører i akademiske eller sociale miljøer. These children suffer from a Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD). Disse børn lider af en Central Auditory Processing Disorder (CAPD).

Central Auditory Processing Disorders may have very significant negative effects on a child's ability to acquire language skills, his social development,and his ability to function at school Central Auditory Processing Disorders kan have meget væsentlig negativ indvirkning på et barns evne til at tilegne sig sprogfærdigheder, hans sociale udvikling, og hans evne til at fungere i skolen

Some researchers feel that many children are misdiagnosed with ADHD and actually have a Central Auditory Processing Disorder. Nogle forskere mener, at mange børn er misdiagnosed med DAMP og faktisk har en Central Auditory Processing Disorder. This condition is particularly common if the child has other sensory integration disorders, such as touch sensitivity. Denne betingelse er særlig udbredt, hvis barnet har andre sensoriske integration lidelser, såsom touch følsomhed. In addition, children with ADHD may also have a Central Auditory Processing Disorder. Hertil kommer, at børn med ADHD kan også have en central Auditory Processing Disorder.

What is a Central Auditory Processing Disorder Hvad er en central Auditory Processing Disorder

A Central Auditory Processing Disorder is an impaired ability to attend to, discriminate, remember, recognize, or comprehend auditory information in individuals who typically exhibit normal intelligence and normal hearing. A Central Auditory Processing Disorder er en forringet evne til at deltage til, at forskelsbehandle, huske, genkende eller forstå hørbare informationer i personer, der typisk udvise normal intelligens og normal hørelse.

When a person is exposed to a sound, the ears detect the sound and transmit the information to the auditory part of the central nervous system. Når en person udsættes for en lyd, ørerne opdage lyden og sender oplysningerne til de hoerelsen del af det centrale nervesystem. The sound stimulus is processed in several parts of the central nervous system. Lyden stimulus er forarbejdet i flere dele af det centrale nervesystem. In the end, the listener will know the direction from which the sound comes, identify the type of sound, be able to separate the sound from background noise, and interpret the sound. Det endte med, at lytteren vil vide, hvilken retning, hvorfra lyden kommer, identificere, hvilken type lyd, være i stand til at adskille lyden fra baggrundsstøj, og til at fortolke den lyd. The listener stores the memory of this sound stimulus and develops a mental sound library, which he uses to help him evaluate, interpret, and utilize new sound information that he experiences in the future. Lytteren butikker mindet om denne lyd stimulus og udvikler en psykisk lyd bibliotek, som han bruger til at hjælpe ham vurdere, fortolke og udnytte ny lyd oplysninger, at han erfaringer i fremtiden.

A child who suffers from a Central Auditory Processing Disorder has a limited ability to use auditory information. Et barn, der lider af en Central Auditory Processing Disorder har en begrænset evne til at bruge hørbare oplysninger. He may have difficulty with discriminating, remembering, recognizing or comprehending the sounds that he hears. Han kan have problemer med at diskriminere, at huske på, at anerkende eller forståelsen af de lyde, at han hører. These processing difficulties become more pronounced in challenging listening situations, such as noisy backgrounds or poor acoustic environments, great distances from the speaker, speakers with fast speaking rates, or speakers with foreign accents. Disse vanskeligheder bliver mere udtalt i udfordrende at lytte situationer, såsom støjende baggrunde eller dårlige akustiske miljøer, store afstande fra højttaleren, højttalere med hurtig taler satser, eller talere med udenlandsk accent.

What the Child Experiences Hvad barnet erfaringer

Distorted Speech Sounds Forvrænget tale lyde

Nobody talks the same way. Ingen samtaler på samme måde. There are always slight variations in pronunciation and emphasis that makes one person's speech patterns differ from those of another. Der er altid mindre variationer i udtalen og vægt, der gør en person tale mønstre adskiller sig fra dem i en anden. In order to understand the speech of other people, a child must make a series of mental adjustments. For at forstå talen af andre mennesker, et barn skal gøre en række mentale justeringer. First he hears words. Første han hører ord. Then based upon his memory of similar sounds, he places the sounds of the words in context and decodes the meaning that is being conveyed. Så baseret på hans hukommelse af lignende lyde, han placerer lyde af ordene i sammenhæng og afkoder den betydning, der overføres.

In a child with a Central Auditory Processing Disorder there is a break somewhere in this decoding process. I et barn med en Central Auditory Processing Disorder der er en pause eller andet sted i denne afkodning proces. The child isn't able to derive the correct meaning from words because he cannot accommodate the different distortions of different speakers. Barnet er ikke i stand til at udlede den korrekte betydning af ord, fordi han ikke kan rumme de forskellige fordrejninger af forskellige talere.

Excess Background Noise Overskydende baggrundsstøj

When we are in a noisy room, we need to block out the extraneous noise in order to distinguish and understand words that are being spoken to us. Når vi er i støjende rum, vi er nødt til at blokere de uvedkommende støj med henblik på at skelne og forstå ord, der bliver talt til os. One way we do this is by pinpointing the location of the voice of the speaker and neurologically suppressing the sounds coming in from other locations. En måde vi gør dette, er også ved at identificere placeringen af stemmen fra taleren og neurologically undertrykke lyde kommer fra andre steder. A child with a Central Auditory Processing Disorder may have difficulty pinpointing sounds. Et barn med en Central Auditory Processing Disorder kan det være vanskeligt at påpege lyde. With this in mind it is understandable why he can't block out extraneous noise. Med dette in mente er det forståeligt, hvorfor han ikke kan blokere ud uvedkommende støj. As a result a child with a Central Auditory Processing Disorder appears to be easily distracted. Som følge et barn med en Central Auditory Processing Disorder ser ud til at være let distraheret.

Misses Social Cues Miss sociale tidskoder

Speech can be very complicated. Tale kan være meget kompliceret. Beyond understanding simple instructions there are the nuances of language usage that help convey the true meaning of the message being transmitted. Ud over forståelse enkle instruktioner, der er nuancerne i sprogbrug, der medvirker til at formidle den sande betydning af det budskab, der skal transmitteres. It is these nuances that allow for social interactions. Det er disse nuancer, der giver mulighed for social interaktion. A child with a Central Auditory Processing Disorder may have a deficit in receiving and understanding the meaning of sounds. Et barn med en Central Auditory Processing Disorder kan have et underskud i at modtage og forstå betydningen af lyde. Such a child will be very slow to follow the complexity of the message that is conveyed by particular word usage and tones of speech. Et sådant barn vil være meget langsom til at følge kompleksiteten i det budskab, der formidles ved bestemt ord brug og toner af indlæg.

Co-morbidity Comorbiditet

Like other sensory motor defects, Central Auditory Processing Disorders rarely occur alone. Ligesom andre sensoriske motordrevne fejl, Central Auditory Processing Disorders sjældent forekomme alene. A child who cannot effectively suppress extraneous noise may also not be able to use his eyes to track words across a page or co-ordinate his fine muscles in his hand to write easily. Et barn, der ikke effektivt kan undertrykke støj kan desuden ikke være i stand til at bruge sine øjne til at spore ord på en side eller koordinere hans fine muskler i sin hånd til at skrive let.

Since a child with a Central Auditory Processing Disorder may not be able to block out meaningless noise, he may appear to the observer to be easily distractible. Da et barn med en Central Auditory Processing Disorder må ikke være i stand til at blokere ud meningsløs støj, kan han synes at observatøren at være let distractible. This is one of the reasons children with a Central Auditory Processing Disorder may be misdiagnosed with ADHD. Dette er en af grundene til børn med en Central Auditory Processing Disorder kan misdiagnosed med ADHD. However, if a Central Auditory Processing Disorder child also has ADHD and so that he already has a deficit of inhibition, then the effects of his Central Auditory Processing Disorder are much worse. Men hvis en Central Auditory Processing Disorder barnet også har ADHD og så, at han allerede har et underskud på hæmning, så virkningen af hans Central Auditory Processing Disorder er meget værre.

Symptoms Symptomer

Children who have Central Auditory Processing Disorders may behave as if they have a hearing loss. Børn, der har Central Auditory Processing lidelser kan opføre sig som om de har et høretab. Here are some of the common behaviors displayed by children who have Central Auditory Processing Disorders: Her er nogle af de fælles problemer som vises af børn, der har Central Auditory Processing Disorders:

· Don't respond to speech in a consistent fashion  Du må ikke svare på indlæg på en måde,

· Frequently ask for words to be repeated  Ofte beder om ord, der skal gentages

· Difficulty following speech in noisy surroundings En vanskelighed følgende tale i støjende omgivelser

· Frequently misunderstand what is said Et ofte misforstår, hvad der bliver sagt

· Difficulty following long directions En vanskelighed følgende lange retninger

· Poor memory for verbal information En dårlig hukommelse for verbal information

· Difficulty pinpointing the direction from which sound is coming En vanskelighed at påpege den retning, hvorfra lyden kommer

· History of middle ear infection  historie midt øre infektion

School Performance School Performance

In addition, children with Central Auditory Processing Disorders show many of these characteristic deficits in school performance: Hertil kommer, at børn med Central Auditory Processing Disorders viser mange af disse karakteristiske underskud i skolernes resultater:

· Difficulty expressing themselves En vanskelighed udtrykke sig

· Difficulty understanding language  svært ved at forstå, sprog

· Poor reading, writing, and spelling En dårlig læsning, skrivning og stavning

· Poor phonics En dårlig phonics

· Poor speech sound discrimination En dårlig tale, lyd forskelsbehandling

· Difficulty taking notes Et problem at tage noter

· Difficulty learning foreign languages Et problem at lære fremmedsprog

· Poor short-term memory En dårlig kortsigtede hukommelse

· Social or behavioral problems  sociale eller adfærdsmæssige problemer

· Poor language skills En dårlig sprogkundskaber

· Poor academic skills. En dårlig akademiske færdigheder.

Diagnosis Diagnose

An audiologist uses a battery of tests to evaluate the peripheral and central auditory systems. En audiologist bruger et batteri af undersøgelser for at vurdere de perifere og centrale hørbare systemer. Peripheral hearing tests are used to determine if the child has a hearing loss, and, if so, the degree to which the loss is a factor in the child's learning problems. Perifere hørelse test, der bruges til at afgøre, om barnet har et høretab, og i bekræftende fald, i hvilket omfang tab er en faktor i barnets læring problemer. Central auditory tests evaluate the child's ability to understand and respond to mild distortions of speech. Central hørbare tests vurdere barnets evne til at forstå og reagere på mild forvridninger på tale. It is also helpful to have a speech pathologist evaluate the child's perception of speech and receptive-expressive language use. Det er også nyttigt at have en tale patolog vurdere barnets opfattelse af tale og modtagelig-ekspressive sprog brug.

Treatment Standard treatment focuses on remedial help and splinter skills to expand upon the child's strengths. Behandling Standard behandling fokuserer på afhjælpende hjælp og splint færdigheder til at udvide barnets stærke sider.

There are now a number of new treatment techniques that directly address the hearing deficits. Der er nu en række nye behandlingsteknikker, som direkte omhandler høringen underskud. The pioneer of these techniques was Dr. Alfred Tomatis, who began treating Central Auditory Processing Disorders over forty years ago. Pioneer af disse teknikker var Dr. Alfred Tomatis, der begyndte at behandle Central Auditory Processing Disorders over fyrre år siden.

Auditory Integration Training is another effective technique. Auditive Integration Uddannelse er en anden effektiv teknik. This program was developed by the French otolaryngologist, Dr. Guy Berard, one of Tomatis's students. Dette program blev udviklet af det franske otolaryngologist, Dr. Guy Berard, en af Tomatis's studerende.

Finally, we should mention The Listening Program, a technique that you can apply at home. Endelig bør vi nævne at lytte Program, der er en teknik, som du kan anvende i hjemmet.
About the Author/Author Bio Om Forfatter / Author Bio

Anthony Kane, MD has been helping parents of ADHD and Oppositional Defiant Disorder children online since 2003. Anthony Kane, MD har været at hjælpe forældre til ADHD og oppositionel udfordrende Disorder børn online siden 2003. Join over three thousand parents and get help for your Oppositional Defiant Disorder child , help with defiant teens (http://addadhdadvances.com/ntpcentral.html ) ADHD treatment and ADHD information . Deltag i over tre tusind forældre og få hjælp til din oppositionel udfordrende Disorder barn, hjælpe med udfordrende teenagere (http://addadhdadvances.com/ntpcentral.html) DAMP-behandling og ADHD oplysninger.

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Article Tags: disease and illness , adhd , odd , oppositional defiant disorder , parenting , child raising , central audiory processing disorder , ait , listening program Artikel Tags: sygdom og sygdom, ADHD, ulige, oppositionel udfordrende lidelse, forældre, børn bevidstgørelse, central audiory forarbejdning lidelse, Ait, lytter program

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