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Costa Rican Culture - Culture is synonymous with variety as is the land of Costa Rica. And in this country touching on the topics of race, food, festivals, and customs just scratches the surface of how colorful the culture if this land is. Costa Rica has a strong and efficient national education system, with its citizens maintaining a 95% literacy rate. Combine that with the strongest and most stable, democratic tradition in all of Central America and it molds the human character that has made the Costa Ricans a self-assured and hospitable bunch. Indonesian Shamanic Methods of Fasting and Austerities - Fasting and asceticism are essential practices in Javanese Kejawen and shamanism--especially Indonesian shamanism. Most of the unusual and unique powers acquired in Indonesian occultism are dependent upon the mastery of these disciplines with their many forms and variations. Another important factor that must not be overlooked in the acquisition of these occult powers is the knowledge of the correct timing such as the proper month and day which magickal rites and disciplines are to be commenced, and this is intrinsically linked with the Javanese calender; this however, will not be dealt with in this article for it is beyond its scope. We will mainly focus on the many variations of fasting and the austerities carried-out in Javanese mysticism/occultism. Fasting as a religio-spiritual practice is known the world over by modern and ancient cultures. Superstitions of Indonesia - In this article we present a collection of local "superstitions" in Indonesia regarding everyday life and the meanings of the omens of Nature. Avoid sweeping the house at night as this would make it difficult to attract luck. Avoid sewing a button on your shirt while wearing it as this would cause a serious illness not long after that would last for about a month and you woud always fail in your efforts in making a living. Avoid combimg your hair while walking as you will find youself in an embarassing situation. Avoid being in the bathroom too long as this would make your face appear old. Kujang - the Talismanic Sickle - There is a unique weapon that originates in Western Java, in the Pasundan (Sundanese) region. This weapon is called "kujang," (pron. "koo-jaang.") Lacking the proper English equivalent for this we have used the term, "sickle," eventhough its form somewhat deviates from the true shape of a sickle. Working with Foreign Cultures - Culture Cultures differ in how they communicate, how they use their time, and how they view themselves in terms of empowerment and decision making. From Verbalism and Vocalism to Vandalism: Graduation of Anti-Agribiotech Activism in India - A few years ago activists, allegedly belonging to the Karnataka Rytha Sangha, the State farmers' organization, burned Mahyco's trial Bt cotton fields in Karnataka, India. On October 28, 2006, in Rampura village in Karnal, Haryana State, the Bharatiya Kissan Union (BKU), a farmers' organization, using some 400 local farmers torched Mahyco's Bt rice under field trials. Mahyco suffers a loss of Rupees one million, and needs to restart the process. A BKU leader threatened to burn all such fields in the country where trials are underway, and said that 'On Friday (October 27), we got a tip-off from Hyderabad that such tests were underway in Karnal'. Native American Culture Activities - As many children learn about Native American culture during November, here are some activities and information about our first citizens. Do you like barbecues? How about clambakes? Well, the next time you attend one, thank the Indians! Native Americans invented them, along with chewing gum, ponchos, chocolate, snowshoes, parkas, and moccasins. Do research to find out what else our first citizens invented! Chief Seattle's Lesson Seattle was a teacher Who taught us how to care For all the living things on earth, Fresh water, and clean air. Building A Financial Services Sales Culture - A growing number of community banks are recognizing that new and more aggressive competitors are taking new business they "believed" they would or "should" have. To help combat this they no longer accept the practice of "business as usual. Speaking Japanese: Learning the Language and the Cultural Etiquette - The Japanese language is considered by many to be easy to learn. Whether you wish to speak Japanese for personal reasons like travel or for professional reasons, it is important for you to consider that learning Japanese etiquette is as important as learning commonly used words and phrases. Why is it that learning to speak Japanese is relatively easy? To begin with, there are only 5 vowel sounds: - A is voiced as "ah," or the way English speakers pronounce the a in "la;" - I is pronounced as the English e in words like "need" and "tea;" - U is vocalized in much the same way as "oo" in words like "cool" and "soon;" - E is spoken with the same sound of the first e in the word "letter" and the e in "set; Diwali - The Festival of Lights - Diwali is celebrated all over India and elsewhere in the world where Indians gather together. Traditionally known by its Sanskrit name Deepavali, it actually means "a row of lights". Although predominantly a Hindu festival, it is observed by Sikhs and Jains as well. In general, Diwali celebrates the triumph of light over darkness, goodness over evil and knowledge over ignorance. The story of its origins varies, depending on where you happen to be. In northern India, the story goes that King Rama fought a lengthy war against Ravana, the demon king of Lanka. The festival is in honour of his victory, his homecoming with his wife, Sita, to Ayodhya and his coronation. In Gujarat, Lakshmi, the goddess of wealth, is the focus and in Bengal, the festival honours the goddess Kali, to some a violent creature and to others, the mother goddess. Common Freshwater Pearls - Biwa Pearls: These were the first freshwater pearls to be cultivated by Japan in Lake Biwa. After this started a wave of pearl production all over the world which is continues to this day. Though excessive harvesting and environmental pollution caused the destruction of the lake and the mussel producing the pearl has also nearly become extinct. So the Biwa production has stopped. But the name today signifies original and good quality pearls. The name Biwa pearl is due to its place of origin and it is rare to find Biwa pearls today. Pearl Jewelry - The magnificent luster and delicate translucence of the layers of a pearl imparts an exquisite charm to it. It has therefore been valued as a precious gemstone since ages. The value of the pearl in jewelry is determined by a combination of all the attributes i.e. the luster, color, size, lack of surface flaw and symmetry. Are You a Manager or a Leader - or Both? - When I ask my coaching clients, mostly senior executives, what they do during a typical working day, I notice that most of them spend the majority of their time with management rather than with leadership issues. You may ask: What is actually the difference between management and leadership? I like the simple but to-the-point distinction made by the legendary Peter Drucker. He said: "Management is about doing things right, Leadership is about doing the right things." Or in other words: Management is about efficiency, leadership about effectiveness. Typically, the more we move up the career ladder, the more important leadership skills become. History of Pearls - In the beginning pearl hunting was the only means known for harvesting pearls. A little before the start of the 20th century divers manually pulled oysters from ocean floors and river bottoms and checked each one of them individually for pearls. However, not all natural oysters produce pearls. In fact, in a haul of three tonnes, only three or four oysters will produce perfect pearls. Eventually the process of culturing pearls was discovered. Who Wrote Aesop's Fables? - Everyone is familiar with Aesop's Fables. They are short stories usually about animal characters designed to make a point about human behaviour. Aesop has been credited with inventing the fable. Indeed, the name Aesop has become synonymous with fables. However, animal fables existed long before Aesop. The Importance of Stories - Long before the advent of a written history, the elders of ancient civilizations used stories to teach the new generation. The lessons might have related to the values of the society, their particular version of how they came to be, their purpose on the earth, or methods of obtaining food or a spouse. The most well known of the ancient stories were the civilisation's particular version of how Earth came into existence and how they came to be here on earth. Indian Art and Architecture and its relation to Indian Music - To understand a kind of people the most important thing to study is their literature, and art. In case of India, the cultures that have developed are not one but many. The subcontinent has been a rich base for the cultivation of an even richer set of cultures, which have been influenced by different settlers of over thousands of years. Hollywood Celebrities and Pop Culture - The Rape of the Mind - Fame, fortune, and power stand at the top of the heap when it comes to what we call success. Most peculiar of these is fame. It seems the rule, which is rarely spoken out loud is, anyone who is very well known didn't get that way because they did everything wrong. Oh really! Who hasn't heard the names of some famous criminals like John Dillinger or Al Capone or John Wayne Gacy? Many of these criminals were even trusted and held hero status in the minds of some people. Actors after all only portray the very worst human behavior so they are held above any level of culpability. Employee Feedback - Building a Positive Workplace Culture - Did you know? Businesses in the United States waste $105 billion each year dealing with poorly performing employees. (Sweden $1.3b, Australia $4.1b, Hong Kong $5.0b, Netherlands $7.1b, India $10.8b, UK $24.5b) United States managers spend 14% of their time redoing or correcting the mistakes of others - approximately one hour every day. Constructive Feedback in the Workplace - Feedback at Work - Give and Take What can you say to your employees and how can you say it? Where can you give and get feedback? How can you bring out the best in your staff? How do you handle difficult interchanges without inflaming the situation?

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