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Modern Alchemy: Wind to Water - The Perth SWRO plant in Western Australia utilizes a combination of clean wind power and the highest efficiency ERD available for one of the most efficient and environmentally friendly desalination plants in world. A Thirsty Nation The ongoing population growth in Australia's coastal communities combined with the worst drought in a century have unhappily converged creating the necessity for the Australian government to find water sources that are both located near to the large coastal communities that need them and that aren't subject to the whim's of changing weather patterns. The Solution Facing impending water shortages, in April 2005, Western Australia's (WA) Water Corporation made a decision to form a public-private partnership with global water treatment company DegrÃ©mont. How to Design and Operate a PX System Part 2 - ABSTRACT The new pressure exchanger (PX) device transfers the energy from the concentrate stream directly to the feed stream. This direct, positive displacement approach results in a net transfer efficiency of over 95%. Although application of the PX technology is simple in both theory and practice, in order to get the most benefit from this technology it is important to reconsider the SWRO design and operation approach. Pertinent design considerations include pre-filtration, conversion rate optimization; pump selection, and operating pressures. How to Design and Operate a PX System - Part 1 - ABSTRACT The new pressure exchanger (PX) device transfers the energy from the concentrate stream directly to the feed stream. This direct, positive displacement approach results in a net transfer efficiency of over 95%. Potable Water from Sea and Wind - Western Australia's Water Corporation is on track to produce drinking water form a 45GL/a desalination plant located in Kwinana, 25km south of Perth. The plant is being built by proAlliance - a 50/50 joint venture between West Australian construction company Multiplex and French water treatment company Degremont. Water Desalination Makes Seawater Palatable - These days, when mankind finds a way to run a natural resource dry, it seems to find an answer to its replenishment. Gasoline prices in the U.S. are soaring, but alternatives abound in the form of ethanol, bio diesel, and even recycled kitchen grease. In the past, when draught has reared its parched head, people turned to a multitude of things – water rationing, trading front lawns for yards full of quartz, even infrequent flushing. Thankfully, there is a highly effective and more practical answer to the world water crisis, in the form of water desalination. San Leandro based Energy Recovery Inc. Desalination Part 4 of 4: Measuring the Impact - Continued from Desalination Part 3: Getting Better All the Time... A bigger problem may be the leftover brine, which typically contains twice as much salt as seawater and is discharged back into the ocean. So far little scientific information exists about its long-term effects. In the past, most big seawater-desalination plants were built in places that did not conduct adequate environmental assessments, says Peter Gleick, president of the Pacific Institute, a think-tank based in California that published a report on desalination in 2006. But as plants are built in areas with tighter environmental restrictions, more information is becoming available. Some recent measurements from Perth are encouraging. Desalination Part 2 of 4: No Salt, Please - Continued from Desalination Part 1: Tapping the Ocean This reduced the energy consumption of sugar refining by up to 80%, says James Birkett of West Neck Strategies, a desalination consultancy based in Nobleboro, Maine. Desalination Part 3 of 4: Getting Better All the Time - Continued from Desalination Part 2: No Salt, Please... In the late 1970s John Cadotte of America’s Midwest Research Institute and the FilmTec Corporation created a much-improved membrane by using a special cross-linking reaction between two chemicals atop a porous backing material. His composite membrane consisted of a very thin layer of polyamide, to perform the separation, and a sturdy support beneath it. Thanks to the membrane’s improved water flux, and its ability to tolerate pH and temperature variations, it went on to dominate the industry. At around the same time, the first reverse-osmosis plants for seawater began to appear. These early plants needed a lot of energy. Desalination Part 1 of 4: Tapping the Ocean - THERE are vast amounts of water on earth. Unfortunately, over 97% of it is too salty for human consumption and only a fraction of the remainder is easily accessible in rivers, lakes or groundwater. Climate change, droughts, growing population and increasing industrial demand are straining the available supplies of fresh water.

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